Что (кто) такое multiprocessors - определение

MULTIPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE WHERE TWO OR MORE IDENTICAL PROCESSORS ARE CONNECTED TO A SINGLE, SHARED MAIN MEMORY, HAVE FULL ACCESS TO ALL INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES, AND ARE CONTROLLED BY A SINGLE OS THAT TREATS ALL PROCESSORS EQUALLY

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symmetric multiprocessor

symmetric multiprocessing

multiprocessor

USE OF TWO OR MORE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS (CPUS) WITHIN A SINGLE COMPUTER SYSTEM

Multiprocessor; Multi-processing; Multi-processor; Multiple processing units; Tightly coupled system; DP system; Multicore programming; Tightly Coupled Systems; Tightly coupled systems; Multiprocessor programming

¦ noun a computer with more than one central processor.

Asymmetric multiprocessing

IN COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

Asymmetric multiprocessor; Asymmetric multiprocessors; Asymmetrical multiprocessors; ASMP (computing)

An asymmetric multiprocessing (AMP or ASMP) system is a multiprocessor computer system where not all of the multiple interconnected central processing units (CPUs) are treated equally. For example, a system might allow (either at the hardware or operating system level) only one CPU to execute operating system code or might allow only one CPU to perform I/O operations.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric_multiprocessing

Википедия

Symmetric multiprocessing

Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all processors equally, reserving none for special purposes. Most multiprocessor systems today use an SMP architecture. In the case of multi-core processors, the SMP architecture applies to the cores, treating them as separate processors.

Professor John D. Kubiatowicz considers traditionally SMP systems to contain processors without caches. Culler and Pal-Singh in their 1998 book "Parallel Computer Architecture: A Hardware/Software Approach" mention: "The term SMP is widely used but causes a bit of confusion. [...] The more precise description of what is intended by SMP is a shared memory multiprocessor where the cost of accessing a memory location is the same for all processors; that is, it has uniform access costs when the access actually is to memory. If the location is cached, the access will be faster, but cache access times and memory access times are the same on all processors."

SMP systems are tightly coupled multiprocessor systems with a pool of homogeneous processors running independently of each other. Each processor, executing different programs and working on different sets of data, has the capability of sharing common resources (memory, I/O device, interrupt system and so on) that are connected using a system bus or a crossbar.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric multiprocessing